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Partial sums of $\binom{2n}{n}^2$

$$a(n) = \sum_{k=0}^n \binom{2k}{k}^2$$

References:

namespace OeisA115257open Polynomial

The primary defining sequence a. Partial sums of $\binom{2n}{n}^2$.

def a (n : ) : := (Finset.range (n + 1)).sum (fun k => (Nat.centralBinom k) ^ 2)@[category test, AMS 11] theorem a_0 : a 0 = 1 := a 0 = 1 All goals completed! 🐙@[category test, AMS 11] theorem a_1 : a 1 = 5 := a 1 = 5 All goals completed! 🐙@[category test, AMS 11] theorem a_2 : a 2 = 41 := a 2 = 41 All goals completed! 🐙@[category test, AMS 11] theorem a_3 : a 3 = 441 := a 3 = 441 All goals completed! 🐙

The polynomial $\sum_{k=0}^{n} \binom{2k}{k}^2 x^k$ over $\mathbb{Q}$.

noncomputable def polyP (n : ) : Polynomial := (Finset.range (n + 1)).sum (fun k => C ((Nat.centralBinom k : ) ^ 2) * X ^ k)

The polynomial $\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{\binom{2k}{k}^2}{k+1} x^k$ over $\mathbb{Q}$.

noncomputable def polyQ (n : ) : Polynomial := (Finset.range (n + 1)).sum (fun k => C (((Nat.centralBinom k : ) ^ 2) / (k + 1 : )) * X ^ k)

Conjecture: For any positive integer n, the polynomials Sum_{k=0}^n binomial(2k,k)^2x^k and Sum_{k=0}^n binomial(2k,k)^2x^k/(k+1) are irreducible over the field of rational numbers.

    Zhi-Wei Sun, Mar 23 2013

@[category research open, AMS 11] theorem conjecture : (n : ), 1 n Irreducible (polyP n) Irreducible (polyQ n) := (n : ), 1 n Irreducible (polyP n) Irreducible (polyQ n) All goals completed! 🐙end OeisA115257