/- Copyright 2025 The Formal Conjectures Authors. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. -/ import FormalConjecturesUtil

Busy Beaver

The Busy Beaver problem asks for the maximum number of steps that an n-state, 2-symbol Turing machine can take before halting, when started on an empty tape.

References:

universe u v open Turing BusyBeaver namespace BusyBeaver structure Candidate (n : ) where Γ : Type Λ : Type Γ_fintype : Fintype Γ Γ_card : Fintype.card Γ = n Γ_inhabited : Inhabited Γ Λ_fintype : Fintype Λ Λ_card : Fintype.card Λ = 2 Λ_inhabited : Inhabited Λ M : Machine Γ Λ M_isHalting : M.IsHalting instance {n : } {M : Candidate n} : Fintype M.Γ := M.Γ_fintypeinstance {n : } {M : Candidate n} : Fintype M.Λ := M.Λ_fintypeinstance {n : } {M : Candidate n} : Inhabited M.Γ := M.Γ_inhabitedinstance {n : } {M : Candidate n} : Inhabited M.Λ := M.Λ_inhabited

BB(n) is the n-th Busy Beaver number. This is the maximum shifts function, not the "number of ones function"

noncomputable def BB (n : ) : := sSup { N | C : Candidate n, C.M.haltingNumber = N}

To compute BB n, we need only consider machines with states and symbols indexed in Fin.

@[category API, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'sanity_check (n : ) [NeZero n] : BB n = sSup {N | (M : Machine (Fin n) (Fin 2)) (_ : M.IsHalting), M.haltingNumber = N} := n:inst✝:NeZero n(BB n) = sSup {N | M, (_ : M.IsHalting), M.haltingNumber = N} All goals completed! 🐙

The value of the Busy Beaver function for 1 state is 1.

@[category test, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_1 : BB 1 = 1 := BB 1 = 1 All goals completed! 🐙

The value of the Busy Beaver function for 2 states is 6.

@[category textbook, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_2 : BB 2 = 6 := BB 2 = 6 All goals completed! 🐙

The value of the Busy Beaver function for 3 states is 21.

@[category textbook, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_3 : BB 3 = 21 := BB 3 = 21 All goals completed! 🐙

The value of the Busy Beaver function for 4 states is 107.

@[category textbook, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_4 : BB 4 = 107 := BB 4 = 107 All goals completed! 🐙

The value of the Busy Beaver function for 5 states is 47176870.

@[category research solved, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_5 : BB 5 = 47176870 := BB 5 = 47176870 All goals completed! 🐙

Determine the value of the Busy Beaver function at n = 6.

@[category research open, AMS 3] theorem declaration uses 'sorry'BB_6 : BB 6 = answer(sorry) := BB 6 = sorry All goals completed! 🐙 end BusyBeaver